Students should consult with their instructors regarding the use of AI tools in their coursework. When permissible to use that information directly, use the suggestions below.

To cite the informational product generated by ChatGPT or other AI, the recommendation is for the Methodology and/or Introduction of your paper to specify the following:  

• The prompt you used when utilizing ChatGPT; and 
• The text that the chatbot produced in response. If the response from ChatGPT is lengthy, please include it in the form of an Appendix. 

Please remember that if AI connects you to another resource, you need to cite that resource, just as you would in a literature review. 

As for the in-text citation and the Bibliography/Reference/Works Cited item that will follow this description, apply the appropriate Association's suggestions for citing ChatGPT and AI. 

While the  American Psychological Association (APA) has not released official guidelines on citing generative AI quite yet, the recent post on the APA Style Blog provides guidance on citing ChatGPT adaptable to other AI tools. 

In-text example: 

(OpenAI, 2023)

Reference example: 

OpenAI (2023). ChatGPT (May 24 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat

The Chicago Manual of Style provides guidance for citing ChatGPT and generative AI tools via the Chicago Manual of Style Online and within an online Q&A, such as in this example.   

Note example: 
1. Text generated by ChatGPT, May 24, 2023, OpenAI. https://chat.openai.com/ 
 
Bibliography example: 
OpenAI. Text generated by ChatGPT, Version GPT-3.5. Accessed May 24, 2023. https://chat.openai.com/chat

MLA now provides preliminary official guidance for citing information produced by generative AI. According to MLA, writers should not credit the AI as an author. Additionally, the description of the content of the generated product should be treated as the title of the source, as if it were an article or chapter title. 

In-text example:

While the green light in The Great Gatsby might be said to chiefly symbolize four main things: optimism, the unattainability of the American dream, greed, and covetousness (“Describe the symbolism”), arguably the most important—the one that ties all four themes together—is greed.

Works Cited example:

“Describe the symbolism of the green light in the book The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald” prompt. ChatGPT, 13 Feb. version, OpenAI, 8 Mar. 2023, chat.openai.com/chat.

AMA Style Guidance

The AMA Manual of Style includes guidance on AI in the following sections of Chapter 5 - Ethical and Legal Considerations: Section 5.1.12 - Use of Artificial Intelligence and Language Models; Section 5.2.1 - Acknowledging Support, Assistance, and Contributions of Those Who Are Not Authors; Section 5.2.1.1 - Acknowledgment of Use of Artificial Intelligence and Language Models in Writing and Editing. It is recommended to mention the use of AI tools in the Acknowledgements or Methods section of your paper, depending on what you used the tool for.

"Authors should report the use of artificial intelligence, language models, machine learning, or similar technologies to create content or assist with writing or editing of manuscripts in the Acknowledgment section or the Methods section if this is part of formal research design or methods. This should include a description of the content that was created or edited and the name of the language model or tool, version and extension numbers, and manufacturer. (Note: this does not include basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, references, etc.)" - Section 5.2.1.1

Formatting Citations in AMA Style

The AMA Manual of Style includes guidance on citing AI tools in Chapter 14 - Nomenclature , under Section 14.5.2 - Software. In research articles, provide the brand name in parentheses along with the version or extension number, manufacturer or owner, and date(s) used.

In-text example:

On June 12, 2023, the original full text of the question was put into a fresh chatbot session (ChatGPT, model GPT-4, OpenAI) and the generated responses were saved. Each question was posed to the chatbot interface 3 times and the generated responses were recorded.