Basic Format with DOI:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number, page range. doi:0000000/000000000000 or http://dx.doi.org/10.0000/0000

Example:

Ku, G. (2008). Learning to de-escalate: The effects of regret in escalation of commitment. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 105, 221-232. doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2007.08.002.

Basic Format with no DOI:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number. Retrieved from http://www.journalhomepage.com/full/url/

Example:

Kenneth, I. A. (2000). A Buddhist response to the nature of human rights. Journal of Buddhist Ethics, 8. Retrieved from http://www.cac.psu.edu/jbe/twocont.html

Basic Format:

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Location: Publisher.

Example:

Lopez, B. (1986). Arctic dreams: Imagination and desire in a northern landscape. New York: Scribner.

eBook Format:

Must include online access information. See Purdue OWL for details.

Kinsella, M. (2011). Legend-tripping online : supernatural folklore and the search for Ong's hat. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu

Basics

APA requires author-date format for in-text citations. The last name of the author and the year of publication must be included.

Page numbers should be included when using direct quotes. If you are paraphrasing an idea from the work, referring to the entire book or work, page numbers are not included.

Short Quotations

According to Umbridge (2005), "Young adults change their values when engaging in social media, focusing intently on the goal of popularity" (p. 64).

Umbridge (2005) found "young adults change their values when engaging in social media, focusing intently on the goal of popularity" (p. 64).

She asserts that "young adults change their values when engaging in social media, focusing intently on the goal of popularity" (Umbridge, 2005, p. 64).

Summary or Paraphrase

When paraphrasing an idea from another work, only the author and year of publication are required. APA guidelines do encourage writers to still include page numbers, though it is not required.

Umbridge (2005) indicates that young adult's values change to focus on popularity on social media platforms.

Young adults alter their values, focusing on popularity, in the context of social media (Umbridge, 2005, p. 64).

Multiple Authors

Two Authors

Research by Von Bergen and Smythe (2008) suggests...

(Von Bergen & Smythe, 2008)

(Von Bergen & Smyth, 2008, p. 29)

Three to Five Authors

First time citing this work in the body of your paper: (Rosenheck, Donner, Willis, Danvers, & Horowitz, 1993)

Subsequent citations: (Rosenheck et al., 1993)

Six or More Authors

Jarvis et al. (2001) found...

(Jarvis et al., 2001)

No Author

When there is no author, use the first two or three words of the title of the work. Use the correct formatting for the title based on source type.

Articles: ("Social Media and Teen Value Shifts," 2016)

Books: (Adolescent Development in the Age of Social Media, 2014).

Organization as Author

According to the American Heart Association (2007),...

First citation: (Students Against Drunk Driving [SADD], 2011)

Subsequent citations: (SADD, 2011).